Back pain is a prevalent and often debilitating condition that can affect people of all ages and backgrounds. It manifests as discomfort, stiffness, or sharp pain in the back, ranging from the neck to the lower spine.
Back pain can arise from various causes, ranging from common everyday activities to underlying medical conditions. Here are several common causes of back pain:
Overexertion, lifting heavy objects, or sudden movements can strain the muscles and ligaments in the back, leading to pain.
Prolonged periods of sitting or standing with poor posture can contribute to muscle imbalances and strain on the spine, resulting in back pain.
Discs between the vertebrae can herniate or bulge, putting pressure on nerves and causing pain. This often occurs with aging or trauma.
Wear and tear on the discs over time can lead to degeneration, causing pain, stiffness, and reduced flexibility.
Narrowing of the spinal canal can put pressure on the nerves, resulting in back pain and discomfort.
The breakdown of cartilage in the joints of the spine due to osteoarthritis can lead to pain and stiffness.
Abnormal curvature of the spine, such as scoliosis, can contribute to back pain, particularly as the condition progresses.
Accidents, falls, or injuries resulting in fractures, sprains, or strains can cause acute or chronic back pain.
Problems with the kidneys, such as kidney stones or infections, can cause referred pain to the back.
Weakening of the bones, commonly seen in osteoporosis, can make the spine more susceptible to fractures and pain.
Infections of the spine or surrounding tissues, such as discitis or vertebral osteomyelitis, can cause back pain.
Compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve can result in radiating pain from the lower back down the leg.
Sedentary lifestyle, obesity, smoking, and lack of exercise can contribute to back pain.
Stress, anxiety, and depression can exacerbate or contribute to the perception of back pain.
The signs and symptoms of back pain can vary depending on the underlying cause and severity. Common indicators include:
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